The Chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba

This book examines the unique contribution of the Bossou field site to our knowledge of chimpanzees, particularly the endangered West African subspecies. Coverage ranges from their socio-ecology to cognition, to their ability to use stone and perishable tools.

The chimpanzees of Bossou in Guinea, West Africa, form a unique community which displays an exceptional array of tool use behaviors and behavioral adaptations to coexistence with humans. This community of Pan troglodytes verus has contributed more than three decades of data to the field of cultural primatology, especially chimpanzees' flexible use of stones to crack open nuts and of perishable tools during foraging activities. The book highlights the special contribution of the long-term research at Bossou and more recent studies in surrounding areas, particularly in the Nimba Mountains and the forest of Diécké, to our understanding of wild chimpanzees' tool use, cognitive development, lithic technology and culture. This compilation of research principally strives to uncover the complexity of the mind and behavioral flexibility of our closest living relatives. This work also reveals the necessity for ongoing efforts to conserve chimpanzees in the region. Chimpanzees have shed more light on our evolutionary origins than any other extant species in the world, yet their numbers in the wild are rapidly declining. In that sense, the Bossou chimpanzees and their neighbors clearly embody an invaluable cultural heritage for humanity as a whole.

Readers can enjoy video clips illustrating unique behaviors of Bossou chimpanzees, in an exclusive DVD accompanying the hardcover or at a dedicated website described in the softcover.

A comprehensive overview of three decades of research and studies conducted at Bossou and surrounding areas Numerous contributions covering an array of topics including ecology, social behaviour, culture, and conservation Appendices detail previously unpublished or updated data, a full list of related publications, plus a comprehensive list of all research contributors and visitors Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Auteur

Prof. Tetsuro Matsuzawa is world renowned for blending captive and field approaches to advance our understanding and appreciation of chimpanzee intelligence. He leads the Ai-project at Primate Research Institute of the University of Kyoto, Japan. He is also the director of the Bossou/Nimba field research station. He has more than 30 years of experience with working with chimpanzees in captivity and more than 20 with chimpanzees in their natural habitat. He has received several prestigious awards for his achievements so far including the Prince Chichibu Memorial Science Award in 1991, the Jane Goodall Award in 2001 and the Medal with Purple Ribbon in 2004. He is also a member of the executive committee of the IUCN (The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) Primate Specialist Group on Great Ape Conservation.

Contenu

Part 1: Introduction.- 1 Bossou: 33 Years.- Part 2: History and Ecology.- 2 Location and Ecology.- 3 The Demography and Reproductive Parameters of Bossou Chimpanzees.- 4 The Prehistory Before 1976: Looking Back on Three Decades of Research on Bossou Chimpanzees.- 5 The Chimpanzees of West Africa: From Man-Like Beast to Our Endangered Cousin.- Part 3: Culture: Tool manufacture and use.- 6 The Tool Repertoire of Bossou Chimpanzees.- 7 Stone Tools for Nut-Cracking.- 8 Use of Leaves for Drinking Water.- 9 Ant-Dipping: How Ants have Shed Light on Culture.- 10 Pestle-Pounding Behavior: The Key to the Coexistence of Humans and Chimpanzees.- 11 Algae Scooping Remains a Puzzle.- 12 Ant Fishing in Trees: Invention and Modification of a New Tool-Use Behavior.- 13 Log Doll: Pretence in Wild Chimpanzees.- 14 Animal Toying.- Part 4: Stone tool use: Observation and experiments.- 15 Extensive Surveys of Chimpanzee Stone Tools: From the Telescope to the Magnifying Glass.- 16 Field Experiments of Tool-Use.- 17 Clues to Culture? The Coula- and Panda-Nut Experiments.- 18 From Handling Stones and Nuts to Tool-Use.- 19 The Emergence of Stone-Tool Use in Captive Chimpanzees.- 20 A Gibsonian Motor Analysis of the Nut-Cracking Technique.- 21 Education by Master-Apprenticeship.- Part 5: Social life and Social intelligence.- 22 The Crop-Raiders of the Sacred Hill.- 23 Behavioral Flexibility and Division of Roles in Chimpanzee Road-Crossing.- 24 Play Behaviors Involving the Use of Objects in Young Chimpanzees at Bossou.-25 Chimpanzee Mothers Carry the Mummified Remains of Their Dead Infants: Three Case Reports from Bossou.- 26 Comparison of Social Behaviors.- Part 6: Adjacent Communities.- 27 The Chimpanzees of Yealé, Nimba.- 28 Chimpanzees in the Seringbara Region of the Nimba Mountains.- 29 Chimpanzees in the Eastern Part of the Nimba Mountains Biosphere Reserve: Gouéla II and Déré Forest.- 30 Diécké Forest, Guinea: Delvinginto Chimpanzee Behavior Using StoneTool Surveys.- 31 From Bossou to the Forests of Liberia.- Part 7: Conservation.- 32 The 2003 Epidemic of a Flu-Like Respiratory Disease at Bossou.- 33 Microclimate and Moving Pattern.- 34 Genetic Variation in the Chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba.- 35 Intestinal Bacteria in Chimpanzees in Bossou: A Preliminary Study of Their Nutritional Implication.- 36 Health Monitoring.- 37 Green Corridor Project: Planting Trees in the Savanna Between Bossou and Nimba.- 38 Environmental Education and Community Development in and Around Bossou.- 39 Conservation Issues in the Nimba Mountains.- 40 Chimpanzees in Guinea and in West Africa.