Sustainable Urban Environments

Offering basic knowledge of the built environment, this book shows how to combine diverse practical elements into sustainable solutions for future buildings and cities. Includes governance tools, and perspectives for achieving a sustainable built environment.

The urban environment buildings, cities and infrastructure represents one of the most important contributors to climate change, while at the same time holding the key to a more sustainable way of living. The transformation from traditional to sustainable systems requires interdisciplinary knowledge of the re-design, construction, operation and maintenance of the built environment. Sustainable Urban Environments: An Ecosystem Approach presents fundamental knowledge of the built environment. Approaching the topic from an ecosystems perspective, it shows the reader how to combine diverse practical elements into sustainable solutions for future buildings and cities. You'll learn to connect problems and solutions at different spatial scales, from urban ecology to material, water and energy use, from urban transport to livability and health. The authors introduce and explore a variety of governance tools that support the transformation process, and show how they can help overcome institutional barriers. The book concludes with an account of promising perspectives for achieving a sustainable built environment in industrialized countries. Offering a unique overview and understanding of the most pressing challenges in the built environment, Sustainable Urban Environments helps the reader grasp opportunities for integration of knowledge and technologies in the design, construction and management of the built environment. Students and practitioners who are eager to look beyond their own fields of interest will appreciate this book because of its depth and breadth of coverage.

Multidisciplinary ecosystem approach Integration of social, engineering and planning issues Powerful team of researchers Breadth and scale of issues addressed Introduces students (and policymakers/practitioners) to most pressing sustainability challenges in the built environment

Auteur

Ellen van Bueren received her Master's in Public Administration at Leiden University / Erasmus University of Rotterdam, the Netherlands in 1996. She worked for a couple of years as a consultant at the urban planning firm Zandvoort Ordening & Advies in Utrecht (now part of Royal Haskoning). By the end of 1997 she started her research and teaching at Delft University of Technology. Until 2002 she worked for the Delft Interfaculty Research Center DIOC-DGO The Ecological City. During these years she was also hired by TNO Building and Construction, a research institute, for one day a week. A synthesis of the research she carried out in this Center will result in a PhD thesis about the design of policy arrangement for a sustainable built environment, which is expected to be published in 2008. In 2002 she started her work for the section Policy, Organization Law and Gaming, where she continued her research and teaching about the organization and management of complex policy and decision making processes. In 2008 she expects to finish her thesis on Policy-Making for a Sustainable Built Environment, which is part of the Delft Cluster research program. She also participates in the research and management of the Multi-Actor Systems Program of the Delft Center for Sustainable Urban Areas and in the Center for Process Management and Simulation.

Contenu

1. Introduction. 1.1 The built environment: problem and solution. 1.2 Analysing the urban environment: an ecosystem approach. 1.3 Analytical focus is on ecological processes. 1.4 Setting the boundaries in this book; E. van Bueren .- 2. (Eco)system thinking: ecological principles for buildings, roads, industrial and urban areas. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 General characteristics of (eco)system thinking. 2.3 The development of system theory and ecosystem theory. 2.4 Important concepts and characteristics of ecosystems. 2.5 Classification of ecosystems on different levels of scale (from global to local level) 2.6 Examples of urban-ecosystem approaches. 2.7 Understanding urban areas as ecosystems. 2.8 Improving urban systems: ecological engineering. 2.9 The earth as a living system. 2.10 Discussion; H. van Bohemen .- 3. Urban ecology, scale and identity. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Ecologies. 3.3 Urban ecology including the human species and its artefacts. 3.4 Scale and size: technically, scientifically, administratively. 3.5 Identity: difference from the rest, continuity in itself. 3.6 Conclusion; T.M. De Jong .- 4. Water flows and urban planning. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Flow issues: cycles and cascades. 4.3 Urban Spaces and the Water Cycle. 4.4 Water Planning and Innovation: the role of actors. 4.5 Conclusions; S . Tjallingii .- 5. Energy in the built environment . 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 The energy chain: from demand to supply. 5.3 Demand side: Thermal energy demand. 5.4 Demand side: Electrical energy demand of buildings. 5.5 Energy distribution: between supply and demand. 5.6 Supply side: Energy conversion systems and primary energy use. 5.7 Operational and financial considerations; L. Itard .- 6. Material City: Towards sustainable use of resources. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Energy and materials. 6.3 Concepts. 6.4 Strategies. 6.5 Challenges. 6.6 The value of assessment tools. 6.7 Selecting materials; L. Icibaci, M. Haas .- 7. Air quality and human health. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Air pollutants. 7.3 Other indoor environmental aspects. 7.4 Health effects. 7.5 Practical guidelines. 7.6 Conclusions; A. Meijer .- 8. Liveability. 8.1. Introduction. 8.2 Methodology. 8.3 Forms of liveability. 8.4 The neighbourhood as an ecosystem. 8.5 Sustainable liveability. 8.6 Sustainable liveable neighbourhoods. 8.7 The Ecological liveability; control over social environment. 8.8 Reflection and conclusions; M. van Dorst .- 9. Urban transport and sustainability . 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 A conceptual model for the impacts of the transport system on the environment, accessibility and safety. 9.4 Policy measures and design. 9.5 Models. 9.6 Conclusions; B. van Wee .- 10. Sustainable Urban Form. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Typologies of urban form. 10.3 The policy relevance of urban form. 10.4 The Concept of the Compact City. 10.5 Urban form and environmental performance. 10.6 An assessment of urban form. 10.7 Concluding remarks; J. Milder .- 11. Environmental strategies and tools for integrated design. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Environmental strategies. 11.3 Quantitative assessment methods. 11.4 Qualitative assessment methods. 11.5 Design methods for integrated design; L. Itard .- 12. Climate Integrated Design and Closing Cycles. 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Relevant references of a sustainable and interconnected energy and sanitation facility. 12.3 Integrated concepts: combined infrastructural, spatial and ecological functions. 12.4 Curitiba: integrating social and technical solutions. 12.5 Challenges for realizing a sustainable urban metabolism; A. van Timmeren .- 13. Governance tools. 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Government and Governance. 13.3 Levels of Governance. 13.4 Governance tools. 13.5 Information and Communication Tools. 13.6 Governance Tools and Sustainable Built Environments.13.7 Conclusions; L. Murphy et al .- 14. Managing change. 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Challenges in the urban environment. 14.3 Theoretical understanding of managing change. 14.4 The diffusion of environmental innovations. 14.5 Improving collaboration. 14.6 Which actors can make the change? 14.7 End-user participation. 14.8 Business opportunities: sustainability pays. 14.9 Conclusions; A. van Hal, E. van Bueren .- 15. Conclusions and solutions. 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Improving the metabolism of urban areas. 15.3 Making areas and places more…