Energy Metabolism in Insects

The scientific program for the XVI International Congress of Entomology, held in Kyoto, Japan August 3-9, 1980 included a symposium on the subject of "Energy Metabolism and Its Regulation in Insects." The symposium provided an opportunity to integrate knowledge, and focus attention, on an important and fundamental aspect of insect biochemis try/physiology. The energy metabolism of insects differs from that of other animals in a variety of ways, including the prodigious amounts of energy expended by flying insects, the presence in hemolymph of large concentrations of sugar in the form of the nonreducing disaccharide tre halose, the transport of fat in the form of diacylglycerol, and the periodic mobilization and deposition of cuticular components during development. These differences, together with hormones, neurohormones, and neu rotransmitters that are specific to (or functionally different in) insects, serve to demonstrate the unique nature of energy metabolism in insects. An obvious corollary from the demonstrated uniqueness of insect energy metabolism is that an understanding of the process may lead to the de velopment of new, specific agents or strategies for the suppression of insect pests. The present volume is an expanded version of the Kyoto symposium.

Contenu
1 Physiological and Environmental Considerations in Insect Bioenergetics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Energy Flow.- 3. Interspecific Considerations in Bioenergetics.- 4. Factors Influencing Bioenergetic Flow in Individuals.- 5. Conclusion.- References.- 2 Hormonal Regulation of Substrate Transport and Metabolism.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Hyperglycemic Hormones.- 3. Hypoglycemic Hormones.- 4. Adipokinetic Hormone.- 5. Octopamine.- 6. Juvenile Hormones and Ecdysones.- 7. Other Hormones.- References.- 3 Role of Lipids in Energy Metabolism.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Lipids as an Energy Source in Development.- 3. Utilization of Lipids during Flight.- References.- 4 The Role of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Physiological Function.- 1. Introduction..- 2. Synthesis of Hemolymph Trehalose.- 3. Carbohydrate as an Energy Source in Flight Muscle.- 4. The Biosynthesis of Antifreeze.- 5. Energy Metabolism in the Rectum.- References.- 5 The Role of Proline in Energy Metabolism.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Proline Metabolism.- 3. Discussion.- References.- 6 Lipid Transport by Hemolymph LipoproteinA Possible Multiple Role of Diacylglycerol-Carrying Lipoprotein.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Purification and Function of DGLP.- 3. Physicochemical Nature of DGLP.- 4. Possible Multiple Role of DGLPComparison with Mammalian System.- 5. Possible Metabolic Regulation of DGLP.- References.- 7 Energy Metabolism in the Insect Nervous System.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Oxygen Uptake Studies.- 3. Activities of Enzymes Associated with Glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle.- 4. Fuels.- 5. Exogenous Substrates Other than Carbohydrate.- 6. Endogenous Substrates.- 7. Conclusion.- References.- 8 Neuroendocrine Regulation of Mitochondrial Development and Function in the Insect Fat Body.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Endocrine Regulation ofFat Body Respiration.- 3. Respiratory Development in the Fat Body..- 4. Fat Body Maturation.- 5. Endocrine Regulation of Mitochondrial Development.- 6. Cytochromogenic Factor.- 7. Significance and Conclusions.- References.