Phenomenology and Existentialism in the Twenthieth Century

This work presents the third phase of the unfolded and disseminated flux of phenomenology and existentialism. It calls for a re-examination of phenomenology's foundations as the source of sense.

The discussion on the phenomenology of life will continue to be crucial to the general outlook and direction of phenomenological investigations. The imp- tance of it is not only the fact that it is an innovation in the philosophical circle, but it is also an effort that contributes to the re-reading of the hitherto ex- gerated differences between phenomenology and metaphysics. What is new and signi?cant about life is that even though it is evident in the ?ow of the history of philosophy, no philosopher has seriously addressed it. Not many philosophers have said something in particular about life in serious philoso- ical re?ection. The discussion on life by Henri Bergson attests to this and one 3 can hardly point to other deep re?ections elsewhere about the subject. The advantage here about our area is not only that it has extended the horizon of phenomenological thinking, it has also helped to lead phenomenology from the constitutive analysis to a creative impetus that has brought a new point of view to the ?eld, hence raising questions about the general philosophical t- dition from ancient times. This is a reading which my philosophy attempts to investigate about Tymienieckan thought. The emphasis in philosophy till now has been more on reason in its int- lection and pure rational dimension based on the earliest conception of the human person distinguished by rationality.

Auteur
Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka is a Polish-born American philosopher, one of the most important and continuously active contemporary phenomenologists, founder and president of "The World Phenomenology Institute".

Texte du rabat

The great flourishing in the Twentieth Century of the amalgamated movement of Phenomenology and Existentialism, having reached its unfolding and reverberation as we have shown in our two preceding books and continue in this one seems to have spanned the entire gamut of their marvels.

Although the philosophical field is being still corroborated by phenomenologico-existential insights, their approaches and tendencies in a constant flux of perspectives, phenomenology as such has remained itself an open question. Its ultimate foundations, the question of "phenomenology of phenomenology", its "unconditional positioning" as the source of sense has not been solved by Husserl (see herein Verducci's study of Husserl and Fink, infra-page).

But in this conundrum in which we find ourselves, there is gathering a wave of thought that continues regenerating philosophy. The deepest phenomenologico-existential inspirations, driven by a prompting logos, is undertaking a new critique of reason (see Verducci), apprehending the pivotal role of Imaginatio Creatrix (see Egbe), realizing Jean Wahl's importance as an early precursor of the quest after ultimate meaning (see Kremer-Marietti) and is clarifying the Logos of the "Moral Sense" (see Cozma and Szmyd). Finding a new point of departure for all phenomenology in the ontopoiesis of life (Tymieniecka) and so establishing the sought for "first philosophy" encompassing all (see Haney), is fructifying the coalescing reformulations of issues found in the phenomenology/ontopoiesis of life. We have here a powerful ferment we may call the New Enlightenment.

Contenu
Theme.- Heralding the New Enlightenment.- Inaugural Lecture.- The New Enlightenment.- Section I.- The Development of the Living Seed of Intentionality. From E. Husserl and E. Fink to A.-T. Tymieniecka's Ontopoiesis of Life.- Phenomenology in a New Century: What Still Needs to be Done.- Tymieniecka's First Philosophy.- Jean Wahl And The Renewal Of Metaphysics.- Section II.- Post-Modernism and the Ethics of Conscience: Various Interpretations of the Morality of the Post-Modern World. Role of A. T. Tymieniecka's Phenomenology of Life.- On the Meaningfulness of Man's Existence: from the Existentialist Thinking to Phenomenology of Life.- Creative Imagination In Harmony as Full Maturity Of Phenomenological Inquiry.- Hermeneutics and the Vocative Structure of the Divine: Toward a Dramatic, Redemptive Phenomenology.- Arriving in the World-of-Life.- Section III.- Intersubjectivity an Existentialistic, Phenomenological and Discourse Ethical Approach.- Is the Phenomenon of Non-Intentional Self-Other? Relation Possible?.- Two Dimensions Of Human Being In Karl Jaspers' Philosophy Existence And Hermeneutics.- The Guilt Which We Are: An Ontological Approach To Jaspers' Idea Of Guilt.- Section IV.- Freud, Husserl And Loss Of Reality : Classical Psychoanalysis, Transcendental Phenomenology And Explication Of Psychosis.- A Contribution To Phenomenology Of The Human Normality In The Modern Time.- Toward A Phenomenological And Existential Psychology.- Paradoxes Of Intention: Logotherapy, Phenomenology And Existentialism.- Section V.- Phenomenology Of Utilitarian-Aesthetic Dynamics Of Nature.- Human Flourishing Beyond Economic Well-Being: The Contribution Of Phenomenology Towards A Richer ?Idea Of Personhood.- Section VI.- PhenomenologicalPerspectives On Philosophical Didactics.- Phenomenology Of Education: Contemporary Dialogue Of Philosophy And Pedagogics.- Concluding.- The Phenomenological Way: A Philosophical View On The Vitality Of Being.