Ecologically Based Weed Management

Auteur

Nicholas E. Korres, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Agronomy and Weed Science at the Dept. of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Greece. His research is focused on weed and crop biology, weed ecology and integrated weed control and he has published extensively on these and related subjects. He is a broad member of the Weed Science Society of Greece. Ilias S. Travlos, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Agronomy & Weed Science at the Agricultural University of Athens, Greece. He has been the President of the Weed Society of Greece and an elected board member of the European Weed Research Society (EWRS). Thomas K. Gitsopoulos, PhD, is a Weed Science Researcher at the Hellenic Agricultural Organization (HAO)-DEMETER, Greece, and is a current board member of HAO-DEMETER and the Weed Science Society of Greece. He has published widely on weed science and related fields.

Texte du rabat
Protect crop yields and strengthen ecosystems with this essential guide Research into weed management is an increasingly critical component of both environmental stewardship and food production. The potential cost of weed propagation can be measured in crop yield reductions, under-nourished populations, stymied economies, and more. The propagation of herbicide-resistant weed populations means that purely chemical weed management is no longer viable; food production can now be secured only with an ecological approach to weed control. Ecologically Based Weed Management details such approaches and their potential to manage weeds across a range of agricultural and environmental contexts. It emphasizes the deployment of ecological principles to prevent weed infestations, reduce crop losses, and strengthen ecosystems. In a time when growing population and changing climates are placing enormous pressure on global food production, this approach to weed management has never been more vital. Ecologically Based Weed Management readers will also find: A global team of expert contributors to a multidisciplinary approach Detailed discussion of topics like herbicide limitation, integrated weed management, and more * Insights pertinent to agriculture, academia, government, industry, and more Ecologically Based Weed Management is ideal for researchers in agriculture chemistry, weed science, agronomy, ecology, and related fields, as well as for regulators and advanced students.

Résumé
Ecologically Based Weed Management Protect crop yields and strengthen ecosystems with this essential guide Research into weed management is an increasingly critical component of both environmental stewardship and food production. The potential cost of weed propagation can be measured in crop yield reductions, under-nourished populations, stymied economies, and more. The propagation of herbicide-resistant weed populations means that purely chemical weed management is no longer viable; food production can now be secured only with an ecological approach to weed control. Ecologically Based Weed Management details such approaches and their potential to manage weeds across a range of agricultural and environmental contexts. It emphasizes the deployment of ecological principles to prevent weed infestations, reduce crop losses, and strengthen ecosystems. In a time when growing population and changing climates are placing enormous pressure on global food production, this approach to weed management has never been more vital. Ecologically Based Weed Management readers will also find: A global team of expert contributors to a multidisciplinary approach Detailed discussion of topics like herbicide limitation, integrated weed management, and more * Insights pertinent to agriculture, academia, government, industry, and more Ecologically Based Weed Management is ideal for researchers in agriculture chemistry, weed science, agronomy, ecology, and related fields, as well as for regulators and advanced students.

Contenu

Preface xii

List of Contributors xiv

List of Reviewers xvii

1 Ecologically Based Weed Management (EbWM): Enabling and Reinforcing the Approach 1
Leguizamon Eduardo S., Royo-Esnal Aritz, and Torra Joel

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Basis for a Sucessful Ecologically Based Weed Management Approach 2

1.2 Enabling and Reinforcing EbWM Principles in All Crop Production Systems 3

1.3 Projects / Experiments Where EwBM Principles Are Being Tested 8

1.4 Concluding Remarks 9

2 Ecologically Based Weed Management: Implications and Agroecosystem Services 13
Nicholas E. Korres

2.0 Introduction 13

2.1 Agro- and Natural Ecosystem Services 14

2.2 Do Weed Management Practices Negatively Affect Ecosystem Services? 15

2.3 Weed Management Practices that Enhance Ecological Services 18

2.4 Conclusions 19

3 Climate Change and Ecologically Based Weed Management 23
Adusumilli Narayana Rao (A.N. Rao) and Nicholas E. Korres

3.0 Introduction 23

3.1 Climate Change and Weeds 24

3.2 Climate Change and Weed Management 29

3.3 Ecologically Based Weed Management 30

3.4 Managing Weed Soil Seedbank Using Preventive Measures 30

3.5 Application of Principles of Conservation Agriculture for EWM 31

3.6 Crop Competitiveness 34

3.7 Soil Solarization 35

3.8 Mechanical Weed Management 35

3.9 Biocontrol 35

3.10 Herbicide Use and EWM 36

3.11 Conclusions 36

4 The Ecological Base of Nonchemical Weed Control 49
Iraj Nosratti and Bhagirath S. Chauhan

4.0 Introduction 49

4.1 Physical Weed Control 50

4.2 Soil Tillage 52

4.3 Thermal Weed Control 58

4.4 Mulching 58

4.5 Biological Weed Control 59

4.6 Allelopathy 60

4.7 Cultural Weed Control 61

4.8 Crop Diversification for Weed Management 62

4.9 Conclusions 65

5 The Underestimated Role of Cultural Practices in Ecologically Based Weed Management Approaches 75
Ilias Travlos, Ioannis Gazoulis, Milena Simic, Panagiotis Kanatas, and Ioannis Gazoulis

5.0 Introduction 75

5.1 Role of Crop Diversification in Ecologically Based Weed Management 76

5.2 Role of Crop Competition in Ecologically Based Weed Management 79

5.3 Role of Sowing Timing in Ecologically Based Weed Management 84

5.4 Role of Irrigation and Fertilization Management in Weed Management 85

5.5 Conclusions 85

6 The Role of Agri-Chemical Industry on Ecologically Based Weed Management 93
Vasileios P. Vasileiadis, Vijay K. Varanasi, Parminder Chahal, and Nicholas E. Korres

6.0 Introduction 93

6.1 Herbicide Resistance 93

6.2 Climate Change 94

6.3 Environmentally Sound Weed Control Approaches 94

6.4 Environmentally Friendly Industry Initiatives 95

7 Ecologically Based Weed Management to Support Pollination and Biological Pest Control 101
Vaya Kati and Filitsa Karamaouna

7.0 Introduction 101

7.1 Weed-Insect Interactions 102

7.2 Weed Management to Support Pollination and Biological Control 104

7.3 Challenges for Implementation of Ecological Weed Management in Practice 110

7.4 Conclusions 111

8 Use of Arthropods for Ecologically Based Weed Management in Agriculture 119
Michael D. Day, Arne B. R. Witt, and Rachel L. Winston

8.0 Introduction 119

8.1 Weed Biological Control in Agriculture 121

8.2 Biological Control in Cropping Systems 122

8.3 Biological Control in Grazing Lands 124

8.4 Biological Control in Plantations and Agroforestry Systems 126

8.5 Biological Control in Aquatic Systems 129

8.6 Benefits of Biological Control 131

8.7 Conclusions 132

9 Ecologically Based Weed Management: Bioherbicides, Nanotechnology, Heat, and Microbially Mediated Soil Disinfestation 139
Raghavan Charudattan, Susan M. Boyetchko, Erin N. Rosskopf, Kaydene T. Williams, Andrea Monroy Borrego, and Nicole F. Steinmetz

9.0 Biological Control of Weeds by Using Plant Pathogens 139

9.1 A Critical Assessment of the Role of Plant Pathogens in Weed Manage…