Microbiology of Atmospheric Trace Gases

The chapters making up this volume are based on the presentations given by their authors at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) , also entitled "The Microbiology of Atmospheric Trace Gases: Sources, Sinks and Global Change Processes", held between 13-18 May 1995 at II Ciocco, Castelvecchio Pascoli, Tuscany, Italy. Four reports of Working Group discussions on aspects of trace gas microbiology and climate change are also included in the volume, prepared by rapporteurs designated at the ARW. All the papers here presented have been subjected to peer review by at least two referees and corrections and amendments made where necessary before their acceptance for pUblication in this volume. The ARW was set up to address a wide range of issues relating to atmospheric trace gas microbiology and the organizing group was aware of the burgeoning of studies on gas metabolism and on global effects of atmospheric trace gases over the past two decades. This research effort has led to a number of specialist and generalist meetings including the triennial series of symposia on the metabolism of one-carbon compounds, colloquia concerned with dimethyl sulfide and its precursor, DMSP, through to the Intergovernmental Panels on Climate Change, which have addressed the impact of increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and chlorofluorocarbons on global climate. Over recent years methane and nitrous oxide showed rates of increase in the atmosphere of 40-48 and 3-4. 5 Tg/year, respectively.

Texte du rabat

This book presents a state-of-the-art analysis of the microbiology of the trace gases that affect climate and environmental quality. The microbiological sources and sinks of methane, nitrogen oxides, sulfur gases, halocarbons and other trace gases are reviewed and current work described. Techniques for the detection and analysis of gases and the bacteria that produce and metabolize them are presented. The book is a compilation of chapters prepared by leading authorities in their fields, covering the whole range of trace gas microbiology, biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics. The impact and role of human activities on gas sources and sinks are also identified.

Contenu
A Global Perspective on Sources and Sinks of Biogenic Trace Gases: an Atmospheric System Driven by Microbiology.- Physiological Limitations of Methanotrophic Activity in situ.- Methane Production and Oxidation in Soils and Sediments.- Methane Oxidation in Coastal Marine Sediments.- Microbial Controls of Methane Oxidation in Temperate Forest and Agricultural Soils.- Microbial Degradation of Atmospheric Halocarbons.- Microbial Transformation of Alkyl Esters.- Environmental Molecular Biology Approaches: Promises and Pitfalls.- Molecular Ecology of Methanotrophs.- Transformation of N2O and CH4, in Stratified Microbial Communities Studied by Use of Microsensors.- Metabolism of Nitric Oxide in Soil and Soil Microorganisms and Regulation of Flux into the Atmosphere.- Microbiological Controls on Dimethylsulfide Emissions from Wetlands and the Ocean.- Microbial Turn-over of Volatile Sulfur Compounds.- Bacterial Metabolism of Methanesulfonic Acid.- Working Group Reports.- [1] Contribution of Microbial Processes to Global Budgetst.- [2] Global Environmental Change (GEC).- [3] Problems and Developments in Methodology.- [4] Sulfur, Carbon and Nitrogen Interactions.- Perspectives on the Microbiology of Atmospheric Trace Gases.- Participants at Workshop.