Hydrological Modelling and the Water Cycle

This volume is a collection of a selected number of articles based on presentations at the 2005 L'Aquila (Italy) Summer School on the topic of Hydrologic Modeling and Water Cycle: Coupling of the Atmosphere and Hydrological Models. The p- mary focus of this volume is on hydrologic modeling and their data requirements, especially precipitation. As the eld of hydrologic modeling is experiencing rapid development and transition to application of distributed models, many challenges including overcoming the requirements of compatible observations of inputs and outputs must be addressed. A number of papers address the recent advances in the State-of-the-art distributed precipitation estimation from satellites. A number of articles address the issues related to the data merging and use of geo-statistical techniques for addressing data limitations at spatial resolutions to capture the h- erogeneity of physical processes. The participants at the School came from diverse backgrounds and the level of - terest and active involvement in the discussions clearly demonstrated the importance the scienti c community places on challenges related to the coupling of atmospheric and hydrologic models. Along with my colleagues Dr. Erika Coppola and Dr. Kuolin Hsu, co-directors of the School, we greatly appreciate the invited lectures and all the participants. The members of the local organizing committee, Drs Barbara Tomassetti; Marco Verdecchia and Guido Visconti were instrumental in the success of the school and their contributions, both scienti cally and organizationally are much appreciated.

Primary focus of this book is on hydrologic modeling and their data requirements, especially precipitation Book addresses particular issues such as: - recent advances in the state of the art distributed precipitation estimation from satellites, - data merging and use of geo-statistical techniques for addressing data limitations at spatial resolutions to capture the heterogeneity of physical processes

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This collected work reports on the state of the art of hydrological model simulation, as well as the methods for satellite-based rainfall estimation. Mainly addressed to scientists and researchers, the contributions have the structure of a standard paper appearing in most cited hydrological, atmospheric and climate journals. Several already-known hydrological models and a few novel ones are presented, as well as the satellite-based precipitation techniques. As the field of hydrologic modeling is experiencing rapid development and transition to application of distributed models, many challenges including overcoming the requirements of compatible observations of inputs and outputs are addressed.

The many contributing authors, who are well established in this field, provide readers with a timely overview of the ongoing research on these topics. The level of interest and active involvement in the discussions clearly demonstrate the importance the scientific community places on challenges related to the coupling of atmospheric and hydrologic models.

Contenu
General Review of Rainfall-Runoff Modeling: Model Calibration, Data Assimilation, and Uncertainty Analysis.- General Review of Rainfall-Runoff Modeling: Model Calibration, Data Assimilation, and Uncertainty Analysis.- Measurement of Hydrologic Variables.- Satellite-Based Precipitation Measurement Using PERSIANN System.- Satellite Clouds and Precipitation Observations for Meteorology and Climate.- Advanced Techniques for Polarimetric Radar Estimation of Rainfall.- Measurements of Hydrological Variables from Satellite: Application to Mediterranean Regions.- Data Merging and Dowscaling.- Geostatistical Tools for Validation of Satellite and NWP Model Rainfall Estimates.- An Ensemble Approach to Uncertainty Estimation for Satellite-Based Rainfall Estimates.- Hydrologic Modelling: Short and Long-Time Scale.- Cetemps Hydrological Model (CHyM), a Distributed Grid-Based Model Assimilating Different Rainfall Data Sources.- Rainfall Thresholds for Flood Warning Systems: A Bayesian Decision Approach.- Watershed Hydrological Modeling: Toward Physically Meaningful Processes Representation.- Simulating Climate Impacts on Water Resources: Experience from the Okavango River, Southern Africa.