Glucosinolates

This is the first comprehensive reference compilation on the substance class of glucosinolates. This handbook introduces the reader to the sulfur-containing glucosinolates (S-glucosides), a class of secondary metabolites of almost all plants of the order Capparales, in particular in the family Brassicaceae (e.g. broccoli and other cabbages), derived from glucose and an amino acid. The book illustrates the natural variety of glucosinolate structures, mainly derived from the precursor amino acid. Chapters describe the resulting rich bioactivity of the glucosides, for example as anti-cancer agents, insecticides, nematicides, fungicides, their potential phytotoxic effects, antimicrobial activity and their possible role in neurodegenerative diseases and human health. Different methods for the extraction, characterization, quantification and processing of the glucosinolates are introduced, and potential applications are discussed. The fate of glucosinolates during food processing is also briefly addressed. This handbook is written by leading experts and structured in different sections addressing the natural occurrence of glucosinolates, their (bio-)synthesis, bioactivity, food processing of glucosinolate-containing vegetables, health and disease-related aspects, biotechnology, and methods applied in glucosinolate-research. It is thus a rich reference source for every reader working in the field, from chemists and biotechnologists, to life scientists, pharmacists and medical scientists.

Provides a timely, comprehensive reference work on glucosinolates Illustrates the rich chemical and structural variety of glucosinolates Introduces glucosinolates' bioactivity and modes of action Provides information on methods: from extraction and characterization, to biotechnology, applications and food processing Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Auteur

Prof. Dr. Kishan G. Ramawat is Former Professor & Head of the Botany Department, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India, and can look back on longstanding research experience. He received his Ph.D. in Plant Biotechnology in 1978 from the University of Jodhpur, India and afterwards joined the university as a faculty member. In 1991 he moved to the M.L.Sukhadia University in Udaipur as Associate Professor and became Professor in 2001. He served as the Head of the Department of Botany (2001-2004, 2010-2012), was in charge of the Department of Biotechnology (2003-2004), was a member of the task force on medicinal and aromatic plants of the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, New Delhi (2002-2005) and coordinated UGC-DRS and DST-FIST programmes (2002-2012). Prof. Ramawat had done his postdoctoral studies at the University of Tours, France from 1983-85, and later returned to Tours as visiting professor (1991). He also visited the University of Bordeaux 2, France several times as visiting professor (1995, 1999, 2003, 2006, 2010), and in 2005 Poland in an academic exchange programme (2005). Through these visits in France, Prof. Ramawat and Prof. Mérillon established a strong connection, which has resulted in productive collaborations and several book and reference work publications. Prof. Ramawat has published more than 170 well cited peer reviewed papers and articles, and edited several books and reference works on topics such as the biotechnology of medicinal plants, secondary metabolites, bioactive molecules, herbal drugs, and many other topics. His research was funded by several funding agencies. In his research group, Prof. Ramawat has supervised doctoral thesis of 25 students. He is an active member of several academic bodies, associations and editorial boards of journals.

Professeur Dr. Jean-Michel Merillon is the « Directeur de l'EA 3675 (Groupe d'Etude des Substances Vegetales à Activité Biologique + Polyphenols Biotech) », at the Faculte de Pharmacie, Universite de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, in Villenave d'Ornon, France. He received his M.Pharma. (1979) and Ph.D. (1984) from the University of Tours in France. He joined the University of Tours as assistant professor in 1981, became associate professor in 1987. In 1993 he moved to the faculty of Pharmacy, University of Bordeaux, France, accepting a position as full professor. He is currently leading the study group on biologically active plant substances at the Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences, which comprises 25 scientists and research students. The group has been working on phenolic compounds from vine and wine for many years, mainly complex stilbenes and their involvement in health. Prof. Mérillon has supervised the doctoral theses of 19 students. He is involved in developing teaching on plant biology, natural bioactive compounds and biotechnology. Prof. Mérillon has published more than 145 research papers ininternationally recognized journals, resulting in an H index of 35 (documents published between 1996 and 2015). He has co-edited books and reference works on secondary metabolites and biotechnology. Throughout his career, Prof. Mérillon has traveled widely as a senior professor. Scientists from several countries have been and are working in his laboratory, and his research is supported by funding from the Aquitaine Regional Government, the Ministry of Higher Education and Research, and various private companies. In 2004, he founded the technology transfer unit Polyphenols Biotech, providing support for R&D programs for SMEs and major groups from the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, agricultural and health-nutrition sectors.

Contenu
Part I Occurrence: Glucosinolates: an Overview.- Glucosinolates: Novel Sources and Biological Potential.- Glucosinolates: a Brief overview over their Chemistry and Biological Activities.- Health-Promoting Compounds of Broccoli.- Genetic analysis of Glucosinolate Variability in Broccoli.- Glucosinolates in the Endemic Plants of the Tribe Alysseae (Brassicaceae) Wild-Growing in Croatia.- Part II (Bio)Synthesis: Costs of Glucosinolates in Brassica Rapa.- The Significance of Glucosinolates for Sulfur Storage in Brassicaceae Seedlings.- The Influence of Environment and Process Parameters on Glucosinolate-Myrosinase System from Brassica.- Control of Glucosinolates in Plants by Environmental Factors (Light).- Part III Bioactivity: Glucosinolates and Plant Defence.- Glucosinolates and Leaf-Chewing Herbivores.- Insect Attraction versus Plant Defense.- The role of Glucosinolates in Resistance against Molluscan Herbivores.- Glucosinolates Interactions with Herbivores and their Natural Enemies.- Transport of Defense Compounds: Glucosinolates.- Control of Postharvest Disease by Glucosinolates.- Turning the 'Mustard Oil Bomb' into A 'Cyanide Bomb': Aromatic Glucosinolate Metabolism in A Specialist Insect Herbivore.- Glucosinolates and their Nematicidal Activity.- Glucosinolate and Isothiocyanate Production in A Plasticulture Production System.- Part IV Food Processing: The Fate of Glucosinolates During Thermal Processing of Vegetables.- Influence of Fermentation on Glucosinolates and Glucobrassicin Degradation Products in Sauerkraut.- Part V Health and Diseases: Glucosinolates in Health and Diseases.- Protection of Humans by Plant Glucosinolates.- Glucosinolates as Antioxidants?.- Glucosinolates and Bone formation.- Glucosinolates as Nutraceuticals.- Glucosinolates and Cholesterol Gallstones.- Glucosinolates and Bioavailibility Isothiocyanates.- Antimicrobial Activities of Isothiocyanates.- The Role of Glucosinolate-Containing Vegetables in Cancer Prevention and their Promotion in Clinical Practice.- Glucosinolates and Chemopreventive Activity.- Detoxication of Airborne Pollutants by Broccoli Sprouts.- Antibacterial Activity of Glucosinates in Humans.- Anti-inflammatory Activity of Sulforaphane.- Chemopreventive Activity of Sulforaphane and Mechanisms of Action.- Sulforaphane: Antitumor Effects and Induction of Apoptosis.- Sulforaphane and Ne…