Encyclopedia of Agrophysics

Agrophysics is important both for research and practical use not only in agriculture, but also in areas like environmental science, land reclamation, and food processing. This Encyclopedia of Agrophysics provides up-to-date information on the physical properties and processes affecting the quality of the environment and plant production. It complements the recently published Encyclopedia of Soil Science, (November 2007) published in the same series. In a single volume, a collection of about 250 informative articles and 400 glossary terms covering all aspects of agrophysics are presented. The authors are renowned specialists in various aspects in agrophysics from a wide variety of countries.

Encompasses both the fundamental and the applied aspects of agrophysics

Provides a clear explanation of present knowledge and research in modern agrophysics

Presents the contributions of agrophysics to protect the environment and improve food quality

Suitable for scientists, environmentalists, technologists and engineers

Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Auteur

Em. Prof. Jan Glinski, soil scientist, is a full member of the Polish Academy of Sciences. He was Director of the Institute of Agrophysics in Lublin from 1982 to 2003. He was one of the initiators and an active promoter of scientific cooperation between many universities and institutes in Poland and abroad, and organized many international conferences on agrophysics. He has been a member of the ISSS since 1961 and was vice-chairman of the Commission I (Soil Physics) of the ISSS in the period1986-1990. He is the author or co-author of numerous papers, books, monographs, patents and multilingual dictionaries in the field of agrophysics. He participated actively in eight World ISSS Congresses (1960, 1964, 1974, 1978, 1986, 1990, 1994, and 1998). He serves as the Editor-in-Chief of the journal International Agrophysics (since 1992).

Jozef Horabik is Director of the Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, in Lublin, Poland. He holds a M.Sc. degree in physics, a Ph.D. in agricultural engineering, and is a professor of agronomy. He is the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Agrophysica, an Associate Editor of International Agrophysics, and a member of the Editorial Board of the Polish Journal of Soil Science. He works together with over 20 scientific institutions in Poland and abroad. Over 260 scientific publications have been published to which he has contributed. His scientific interests are: applied physics, agrophysics, physical properties of agromaterials, modelling of mechanics of granular solids and food powders.

Jerzy Lipiec is a Professor of Soil Science and Plant Relations at the Institute of Agrophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Lublin, Poland. He received his M.Sc. (1969), Ph.D. (1977) and D.Sc. (1983) in Soil Science from the Agricultural University of Lublin. He contributed widely in research activities in various European countries, Japan, US and international projects. He serves on the advisory boards ofseveral scientific journals and has published over 250 scientific papers. He is author or co-author of several chapters in books, including works as Soil Physical Conditions and Plant Roots (CRC Press).

Contenu

Absorption.-Absorptivity.-Acoustic Emission.-Acoustic Tomography.-Adaptable Tillage.-Adhesion.-Adsorption.-Adsorption Complex.-Adsorption Energy and Surface Heterogeneity in Soils.-Adsorption Energy of Water on Biological Materials.-Advection.-Aeration of Agricultural Products.-Aeration of Soils and Plants.-Aerodynamics.-After Harvest Technology.-Aggregate Stability.-Aggregation Indices.-Agricultural Products.-Agricultural Raw Materials.-Agriculture and Food Machinery, Application of Physics for Improving.-Agroforestry Systems, Effects on Water Balance in Cropping Zone.-Agrogeology.-Agrophysical Objects (Soils, Plants, Agricultural Products, and Foods).-Agrophysical Properties and Processes.-Agrophysics: Physics Applied to Agriculture.-Air Entry Value.-Air Flux (Resistance) in Plants and Agricultural Products.-Air Humidity.-Air Porosity.-Algae, the Potential Source of Energy.-Alkalinity, Physical Effects on Soils.-Alternative Sources of Energy from Agriculture Biomass A European Perspective.-Alumino-Silicate Clay Minerals.-Anaerobiosis.-Angle of Repose.-Anion Exchange Capacity.-Anisotropy of Soil Physical Properties.-Anoxia and Hypoxia.-Arable Land Use.-Attenuation.-Atterberg Limits.-Available Water (Capacity).-Backscattering.-Bedrock.-Bending Properties of Plants.-Bernoullis Principal.-Binding Force (Plants).-Biochemical Responses to Soil Management Practices.-Biocolloids: Transport and Retention in Soils.-Biofilms in Soil.-Biofilms in the Food Environment.-Biogas.-Biomass.-Biomass as an Environmentally Benign.-Energy Source.-Biomechanics.-Biomes.-Biospeckle.-Biota.-Biotechnology, Physical and Chemical Aspects.-Bound Water.-Boussinesq Equation.-Bowen Ratio.-Braggs Law.-Breads: Physical Properties.-Brightness Temperature in Monitoring of Soil Wetness.-Bruise.-Buffer Capacity of Soils.-Bulk Density of Soils and Impact on their Hydraulic Properties.-Burrow.-Bypass Flow in Soil.-Caking.-Caliche (Lime-Pan).-Canopy Structure.-Capillarity.-Capillary Fringe.-Carbon Losses Under Dryland Conditions, Tillage Effects.-Carbon Nanotube.-Catchment (Catchment Basin).-Cation Exchange Capacity.-Cementation.-Cereals, Evaluation of Utility Values.-Chemical Imaging in Agriculture.-Chemical Time Bomb, Relation to Soil Physical Conditions.-Chisel.-Clay Minerals and Organo-Mineral Associates.-Claypan and its Environmental Effects.-Cleavage Plane.-Climate Change: Environmental Effects.-Climate Risk.-Climate Stress Mitigation Tillage.-Clod.-Clusters in Soils.-Coagulation.-Cohesion.-Colloids.-Color Composite (Multiband Photography).-Color in Food Evaluation.-Color Indices, Relationship with Soil Characteristics.-Compactibility.-Compaction of Soil.-Compensatory Uptake.-Compressibility.-Compression Index.-Compression Point.-Compression Test, Triaxial.-Conditioners, Effect on Soil Physical Properties.-Conductivity.-Cone Index.-Confined Compression Test.-Consistency.-Consolidation.-Contact Area of Agricultural Tyres, Estimation.-Continuity Equation.-Contour-Furrow Irrigation.-Controlled Traffic Farming.-Conventional Tillage.-Coulombs Law.-Coupled Heat and Water Transfer in Soil.-Cracking in Soils.-Crop Emergence, the Impact of Mechanical Impedance.-Crop Responses to Soil Physical Conditions.-Crop Rotation.-Crop Water Use Efficiency.-Crop Yield Losses Reduction at Harvest, from Research to Adoption.-Cropping Systems, Effects on Soil Physical Properties.-Crushing Strength.-Crust.-Cultivation Under Screens, Aerodynamics of Boundary.-Cumulative Infiltration.-Cutan.-Cyclic Compressibility.-Darcys Law.-Databases on Physical Properties of Plants and Agricultural Products.-Databases of Soil Physical and Hydraulic Properties.-Deflation.-Deflocculation.-Degradation of Soil.-Denitrification.-Density.-Desertification: Indicators and Thresholds.-Detachment.-Deterministic Model.-Dew Point.-Dielectric Loss Tangent.-Dielectric Properties of Agricultural Products.-Diffuse Double Layer.-Diffusion in Soils.-Dilatancy.-Discharge.-Dispersion.-Dispersivity.-Diurnal Strains in Plants.-DNA in Soils: Mobility by Capillarity.-Double Layer.-Drainage.-Drip Irrigation.-Drought.-Drought Stress, Effect on Soil Mechanical Impedance and Root (Crop) Growth.-Drying of Agricultural Products.-Duripan.-Dynamic Load.-Earthworms as Ecosystem Engineers.-Ecohydrology.-Ecosystem.-Effective Rainfall.-Elasticity.-Elastoplasticity.-Electrical Conductivity.-Electrical Double Layer (Diffuse Layer, Double Layer).-Electrical Permeability.-Electrical Properties of Agricultural Products.-Electrical Properties of Soils.-Electrical Resistivity.-Electrical Resistivity to Assess Soil Properties.-Electrical Susceptibility.-Electrochemical Measurements in Soils.-Electrokinetic (Zeta) Potential of Soils.…