Detection and Disposal of Improvised Explosives

These proceedings contain the presentations and results of several discussions of the workshop on Detection and Disposal of Improvised Explosives held in St.-Petersburg, Russia, September 7-9, 2005. This Advanced Research Workshop was the fourth event concerning Detection of Explosives in connection with counter terrorism. After the first three workshops, dealing with vapor and trace detection, electronic nose detection and detection of bulk explosives, this workshop was devoted to the detection of Improvise Explosives including: Methods of detection of Improvised Explosives (IE). Methods of detection of Improvised explosives devices (IED). Disposal and safe handling of ID and IED. The treatment of detection methods may be divided in the following groups: Overview about the different methods; Trace- and vapor detection; Electromagnetic methods; Neutron methods; Laser techniques. Because of different definitions of Improvised Explosives the parti- pants of the workshop agreed after some discussions with the following definition: An Improvised Explosive (IE) can be any chemical compound or mixture capable of an explosive reaction. They are normally easily prepared by a knowledgeable layman under simple conditions. Components of IE are typically inorganic salts containing molecular bound oxygen like nitrates, chlorates or perchlorates etc. or organic compounds with nitro-, nitami- or nitrate-groups or peroxides. Admixtures of military or commercial explosive materials are also used. From the chemical point of view IE can be divided into the following types: Salts containing chemical groups with oxygen (like nitrates, chlorates or perchlorates etc.) in mixtures with combustible substances like carbon-hydrogen compounds.

Deals with detection and disposal of terrorist explosives The topic is not to be found - for the time being - in the usual literature Following scientific globalization, Russian activities may be of special interest in this field

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DISPOSAL OF IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVES AND -DEVICES.- DETECTION OF IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVES (IE) AND EXPLOSIVE DEVICES (IED).- ON-SITE ANALYSIS OF EXPLOSIVES IN VARIOUS MATRICES.- IEDS DETECTION BY EXISTING DETECTION TECHNIQUES.- MICROWAVE SYSTEM FOR INSPECTION OF LUGGAGE AND PEOPLE.- DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS AND EQUIPMENT FOR DETECTION OF EXPLOSIVES' VAPORS IN THE ATMOSPHERE WITH LASER.- DETECTION OF IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVES DEVICES (IED) BY USING TAGGED NEUTRON BEAMS.- SENNA PORTABLE SENSOR FOR EXPLOSIVES DETECTION BASED ON NANOSECOND NEUTRON ANALYSIS.- LIQUID BLAST INHIBITORS: TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION.- RATIONAL DETECTION SCHEMES FOR TATP NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP.- PEROXIDE EXPLOSIVES.- ASSOCIATED PARTICLE IMAGING: AN ENABLING TECHNOLOGY OF DETECTION OF IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVES.- EXPERIENCE OF APPLICATION OF EXPLOSIVES DETECTORS BY FORENSIC SCIENCE UNITS OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERIOR OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION.- TECHNICAL MASKING OF IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES.- RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON HUMANITARIAN LANDMINE DETECTION SYSTEM BY A COMPACT DISCHARGE-TYPE D-D FUSION NEUTRON SOURCE.- DETECTION OF NITROAROMATIC DERIVATIVES BY USING REACTIVE ORGANIC THIN LAYERS.- DETECTION OF EXPLOSIVES BY QUADRUPOLE RESONANCE METHOD: NEW ASPECTS FOR SECURITY.- CONCEALED EXPLOSIVES DETECTOR BASED ON PORTABLE NEUTRON GENERATOR.- POSSIBILITIES OF CREATING IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVES AND EXPLOSIVE DEVICES.- INVESTIGATION OF POSSIBILITY TO DETECT THE DETONATORS OF THE EXPLOSIVE DEVICES BY MEANS OF ED XRF APPROACH.- EFFECT/BACKGROUND CORRELATIONS IN NANOSECOND NEUTRON ANALYSIS.- USE OF NON-LINEAR JUNCTION DETECTORS TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF IED SEARCH.