Introduction to Soil Chemistry

Informationen zum Autor ALFRED R. CONKLIN JR., PhD, is Professor of Agriculture and Soil at Wilmington College, where he teaches soil science, organic chemistry, and chemistry and the environment. He is also the International Director of the International Undergraduate Research Symposium. The recipient of three Fulbright Awards, Dr. Conklin has more than four decades of experience extracting and analyzing soil samples from Africa, Asia, and North and South America. Klappentext Provides the tools needed to explore the incredible complexities of the earth's soilsNow in its Second Edition, this highly acclaimed text fully equips readers with the skills and knowledge needed to analyze soil and correctly interpret the results. Due to the highly complex nature of soil, the author carefully explains why unusual results are routinely obtained during soil analyses, including the occurrence of methane in soil under oxidative conditions. The text also assists readers in developing their own analytical techniques in order to analyze particular samples or test for particular compounds or properties.The Second Edition of Introduction to Soil Chemistry features four new chapters. Moreover, the entire text has been thoroughly updated and revised. It begins with a review of the history of soil chemistry, introducing fundamental concepts that apply to all soils. Next, the text explores: Basic soil characteristics, horizonation, texture, clay, air, water, solids, organic matter, organisms, and fundamental chemical concepts essential to soil chemistry Tested and proven sampling techniques for soil analysis that provide reliable analytical results Basic soil measurement techniques and extraction procedures Instrumentation to isolate and identify soil chemicals, including plant nutrients and contaminantsDetailed examples and figures throughout the text help readers successfully perform soil sampling and analytical methods as well as better understand soil's chemical characteristics. At the end of each chapter, a bibliography and list of references lead to additional resources to explore individual topics in greater depth. Each chapter also offers problem sets, encouraging readers to put their newfound skills into practice.Reflecting the latest research findings and best practices, the Second Edition of Introduction to Soil Chemistry is ideal for both students and soil chemists who want to explore the incredible complexities of the earth's soils. Zusammenfassung Soil is the most complicated of materials and an essential element to life. Now in a new second edition, Introduction to Soil Chemistry provides professionals with the background they need to analyze soil, interpret their findings, and develop new analytical methods for soil. Inhaltsverzeichnis PREFACE xi INSTRUMENTAL METHOD ACRONYMS xiv COMMON HYPHENATED INSTRUMENTAL METHOD ABBREVIATIONS xv ABBREVIATED PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS xvi CHAPTER 1 SUMMARY OF THE HISTORY OF SOIL CHEMISTRY 1 1.1 The 19th Century 3 1.2 The End of the 19th and the Beginning of the 20th Century 8 1.3 The 20th Century 11 1.4 The End of the 20th and the Beginning of the 21st Century 14 1.5 Conclusion 15 Problems 15 References 16 Bibliography 18 CHAPTER 2 SOIL BASICS PART I: LARGE FEATURES 19 2.1. Horizonation 28 2.2 Peds 33 2.3 Soil Color 36 2.4 Soil Naming 38 2.5 The Landscape 39 2.6 Relationship of Large Features to Soil Chemistry, Soil Analysis, and Instrumentation 40 2.7 Conclusions 42 Problems 42 References 43 Bibliography 43 CHAPTER 3 SOIL BASICS PART II: MICROSCOPIC TO ATOMIC ORBITAL DESCRIPTION OF SOIL CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 44 Soil Components Independent 45 3.1 Soil Solids 45 Soil Components Inter...

Auteur

ALFRED R. CONKLIN JR., PhD, is Professor of Agriculture and Soil at Wilmington College, where he teaches soil science, organic chemistry, and chemistry and the environment. He is also the International Director of the International Undergraduate Research Symposium. The recipient of three Fulbright Awards, Dr. Conklin has more than four decades of experience extracting and analyzing soil samples from Africa, Asia, and North and South America.

Texte du rabat

Provides the tools needed to explore the incredible complexities of the earth's soils Now in its Second Edition, this highly acclaimed text fully equips readers with the skills and knowledge needed to analyze soil and correctly interpret the results. Due to the highly complex nature of soil, the author carefully explains why unusual results are routinely obtained during soil analyses, including the occurrence of methane in soil under oxidative conditions. The text also assists readers in developing their own analytical techniques in order to analyze particular samples or test for particular compounds or properties. The Second Edition of Introduction to Soil Chemistry features four new chapters. Moreover, the entire text has been thoroughly updated and revised. It begins with a review of the history of soil chemistry, introducing fundamental concepts that apply to all soils. Next, the text explores: Basic soil characteristics, horizonation, texture, clay, air, water, solids, organic matter, organisms, and fundamental chemical concepts essential to soil chemistry Tested and proven sampling techniques for soil analysis that provide reliable analytical results Basic soil measurement techniques and extraction procedures Instrumentation to isolate and identify soil chemicals, including plant nutrients and contaminants Detailed examples and figures throughout the text help readers successfully perform soil sampling and analytical methods as well as better understand soil's chemical characteristics. At the end of each chapter, a bibliography and list of references lead to additional resources to explore individual topics in greater depth. Each chapter also offers problem sets, encouraging readers to put their newfound skills into practice. Reflecting the latest research findings and best practices, the Second Edition of Introduction to Soil Chemistry is ideal for both students and soil chemists who want to explore the incredible complexities of the earth's soils.

Résumé
Soil is the most complicated of materials and an essential element to life. Now in a new second edition, Introduction to Soil Chemistry provides professionals with the background they need to analyze soil, interpret their findings, and develop new analytical methods for soil.

Contenu

PREFACE xi

INSTRUMENTAL METHOD ACRONYMS xiv

COMMON HYPHENATED INSTRUMENTAL METHOD ABBREVIATIONS xv

ABBREVIATED PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS xvi

CHAPTER 1 SUMMARY OF THE HISTORY OF SOIL CHEMISTRY 1

1.1 The 19th Century 3

1.2 The End of the 19th and the Beginning of the 20th Century 8

1.3 The 20th Century 11

1.4 The End of the 20th and the Beginning of the 21st Century 14

1.5 Conclusion 15

Problems 15

References 16

Bibliography 18

CHAPTER 2 SOIL BASICS PART I: LARGE FEATURES 19

2.1. Horizonation 28

2.2 Peds 33

2.3 Soil Color 36

2.4 Soil Naming 38

2.5 The Landscape 39

2.6 Relationship of Large Features to Soil Chemistry, Soil Analysis, and Instrumentation 40

2.7 Conclusions 42

Problems 42

References 43

Bibliography 43

CHAPTER 3 SOIL BASICS PART II: MICROSCOPIC TO ATOMIC ORBITAL DESCRIPTION OF SOIL CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS 44

Soil Components Independent 45

3.1 Soil Solids 45

Soil Components Interacting 53

3.2. Bonding Considerations 53

Soil Components in Combination 58

3.3 Surface Features 58

3.4 Energy Considerations 60

3.5 Reaction Paths 61

3.6 Steric Factors 62

3.7 Rate Factors 62

3.8 All Factored Together 63

3.9 Micelles 63

3.10 Coated Surfaces 63

3.11 Conclusions 65

Problems 65

References 66

Bibliography 67

CHAPTER 4 SOIL BASICS PART III: THE BIOLOGICAL AND ORGANIC COMPONENTS IN SOIL 68

Biota of Soil …