Mutual Sustainability of Tubewell Farming and Aquifers

This study combines economic cost-benefit analysis and behavioral models of resource use to generate a framework for sustainable groundwater-irrigated agriculture, deploying datasets from arid southern Pakistan to illustrate the dangers of overextraction.

This book develops and presents a conceptual model for sustainable-groundwater irrigated agriculture. The model is based on the general principles of the economic theories of cost-benefit relations and behavioral models of resource use. The study has evaluated the advances in tubewell farming and the aquifer potential in arid Balochistan over a period of three decades. It has analyzed the booms and busts of the farming over time taking into consideration the local aquifer limitations and the socio-political considerations and policy framework. Three data sets farmers, expert officials and satellite images - have been used to aid validation. By observing the most vital parameters, the study has concluded that the local aquifer has been falling at a rate directly proportional to the growth rate of irrigated farming, suggesting the current development process is unsustainable. For instance, the research finds that tubewell bores have reached down to depths where the term aquifer mining applies; as a result, irrigation costs have become too high to allow farming to be economically viable. In addition, desertification is steadily encroaching and the cropping pattern being changed from high-value horticulture to subsistence cropping. The study has also set parameters for assessing the willingness of farmers to accept modern, sustainable strategies and interventions.

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Auteur
Dr. Ahmad Saeed is Assistant Professor at the Department of Geography, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan. He has a M.Sc. from the University of Peshawar and a Ph.D. from the University of the Punjab, Lahore. He specializes in water resources management and agricultural geography and has recently published Textbooks of Pakistan Studies, Geography and Social Studies for primary and secondary school levels working under the Balochistan Textbook Board. In addition, he has contributed in different capacities, such as editing, review, etc. in textbooks development for the textbook boards of Balochistan, Punjab and Sindh provinces of Pakistan.

Contenu
Introduction.- Conceptual Framework and Literature Review.- Environment of the Study Area. Material and Methods.- Results and Discussion: Part A.- Results and Discussion: Part B.- Conclusion, Key Findings and Suggestions.