GIS Fundamentals

"Aimed at readers with a knowledge of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) but no formal training in computer science, this book provides a clear and accessible introduction to how GIS store and process spatial data. This updated edition includes two newchapters on databases and future developments, substantial additional material on raster imagery, and revisions throughout that incorporate up-to-date applications such as GPS on mobile devices and Internet-based services. The chapter on future technologies includes discussions of 3D GIS, handling time in GIS, spatial SQL, and handling imprecise geographies"--

"Steve Wise has produced a book that is a marvelous complement to GIS courses, taking the reader on an excursion back to the fundamentals of spatial representation. Vectors, rasters, surfaces and networks are explained in depth and enrich the study of GIS to the point where students can progress their knowledge of the field to practical and professional applications."Michael Batty, Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London, UK "After having had the pleasure of being reviewer of the first edition of the book, it is great to see the success continued in the second version. Given the transition from stand-alone GIS to a crucial component in the information infrastructure of today's society, the extended coverage of data management in the new version is an important improvement. the book gives clear insight into the Geo-ICT machinery to a much wider audience than just computer scientists."Peter van Oosterom, Delft University of Technology, South Holland, Netherlands Clearly and engagingly written, and importantly free from unnecessary jargon, this text provides a helpful and well-considered overview of the 'inside' workings of GIS. This is a book for students and other GI users wishing to develop more than just good software skills by strengthening their knowledge and understanding of the science and technology that underpins GIS.Graham Smith, UNIGIS UK, Manchester Metropolitan University

Autorentext
Stephen Mark Wise is a senior lecturer in the Department of Geography at the University of Sheffield, UK. His teaching and research is mostly concerned with GIS.

Klappentext

Aimed at readers with a knowledge of geographic information systems (GIS) but no formal training in computer science, this book provides a clear and accessible introduction to how GIS store and process spatial data. This updated edition includes two new chapters on databases and heuristics, substantial additional material on indexing and raster imagery, and revisions throughout that incorporate up-to-date applications such as GPS on mobile devices and Internet-based services.

Zusammenfassung

With GIS technology increasingly available to a wider audience on devices from apps on smartphones to satnavs in cars, many people routinely use spatial data in a way which used to be the preserve of GIS specialists. However spatial data is stored and analyzed on a computer still tends to be described in academic texts and articles which require specialist knowledge or some training in computer science. Developed to introduce computer science literature to geography students, GIS Fundamentals, Second Edition provides an accessible examination of the underlying principles for anyone with no formal training in computer science.

See What's New in the Second Edition:

• Coverage of the use of spatial data on the Internet
• Chapters on databases and on searching large databases for spatial queries
• Improved coverage on route-finding
• Improved coverage of heuristic approaches to solving real-world spatial problems
• International standards for spatial data The book begins with a brief but detailed introduction to how computers work and how they are programmed, giving anyone with no previous computer science background a foundation to understand the remainder of the book. As with all parts of the book there are also suggestions for further sources of reading. The book then describes the ways in which vector and raster data can be stored and how algorithms are designed to perform fundamental operations such as detecting where lines intersect. From these simple beginnings the book moves into the more complex structures used for handling surfaces and networks and contains a detailed account of what it takes to determine the shortest route between two places on a network. The final sections of the book review problems, such as the "Travelling Salesman" problem, which are so complex that it is not known whether an optimum solution exists.

Using clear, concise language, but without sacrificing technical rigour, the book gives readers an understanding of what it takes to produce systems which allow them to find out where to make their next purchase and how to drive to the right place to collect it.

Inhalt
Introduction. Databases. Vector Data Structures. Vector Algorithms for lines. Vector Algorithms for Areas. The Efficiency of Algorithms. Raster Data Structures. Raster Algorithms. Spatial Indexing. Data Structures for Surfaces. Algorithms for Surfaces. Data Structures and Algorithms for Networks. Future Developments.