Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites

Provides a systematic and coherent picture of the solution-based methods for the preparation of noble metal-based composite nanomaterials, their characterization, and potential applications in electrocatalysis Within the last decade, the development of wet-chemistry methods has led to the blossom of research in composite nanomaterials. However, the design and synthesis of composite nanomaterials with controlled properties remains a significant challenge. This book summarizes the solution-based methods for the preparation of noble metal-based composite nanomaterials. It examines their characterization, as well as their use in electrocatalysis. It also discusses the intrinsic relationship between the catalytic properties and the physical /chemical effects in the composite materials, and offers some perspectives for the future development of metal-based composite nanomaterials. In addition, the book not only provides a systematic and coherent picture of this field, but also inspires rethinking of the current processing technologies. Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites: Preparation and Applications offers in-depth chapter coverage of ethanol-mediated phase transfer of metal ions and nanoparticles. It presents the full range of nanocomposites consisting of chalcogenide semiconductors and gold, silver sulfide, or other noble metals. It also examines core-shell structured cadmium selenide-platinum nanocomposites; Pt-containing Ag2S-noble metal nanocomposites for direct methanol fuel cells operated at high fuel concentrations; and nanocomposites consisting of metal oxides and noble metals. In addition, the book looks at scientific issues derived from noble metal-based nanocomposites. -Covers all of the preparations of noble metal-based nanocomposites and their numerous applications -Highlights some of the recent breakthroughs in the design, engineering, and applications of noble metal-based nanocomposites -Appeals to a wide range audience, especially researchers in the areas of catalysis, chemistry, chemical engineering, materials synthesis and characterization, and fuel cell Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites: Preparation and Applications is an excellent book for inorganic chemists, materials scientists, catalytic chemists, chemical engineers, and those interested in the subject.

Autorentext

Jun Yang, PhD*, is the leader of Group of Materials for Energy Conversion and Environmental Remediation at the Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. His main research interests include applied catalysis, nanocomposites for energy conversion, synthesis and application of novel nanocrystalline materials, and separation techniques.*

Inhalt
About the Author xi

Preface xiii

Acknowledgments xv

List of Abbreviations xvii

1 An Introduction to Noble Metal-Based Composite Nanomaterials 1

1.1 Materials at Nanometer Scales 1

1.2 Emergence of Composite Nanomaterials 3

1.3 General Concepts in Wet Chemistry Synthesis of Composite Nanomaterials 6

1.4 Characterizations of Composite Nanomaterials 11

1.5 The Scope of This Book 14

1.6 The Road Ahead 18

References 19

2 Ethanol-Mediated Phase Transfer of Metal Ions and Nanoparticles 35

2.1 Introduction 35

2.2 Early Studies in Phase Transfer of Noble Metal Nanoparticles 36

2.3 BrustSchiffrin Method 38

2.4 Phase Transfer Through Ligand Exchange 41

2.5 Phase Transfer Through Electrostatic Interaction 45

2.6 Phase Transfer of Nanoparticles from Organic to Aqueous Phase 47

2.7 Ethanol-Mediated Phase Transfer 48

2.7.1 Ethanol-Mediated Phase Transfer of Metal Ions 48

2.7.2 Ethanol-Mediated Phase Transfer of Metal Nanoparticles 53

2.8 Recent Advances in Phase Transfer 57

2.9 Summary 60

References 60

3 Nanocomposites Consisting of Chalcogenide Semiconductors and Gold 69

3.1 Introduction 69

3.2 Phosphine-Free Synthesis of Metal Selenide Nanocrystals 70

3.3 Deposition of Au on Chalcogenide Semiconductor Nanocrystals 72

3.3.1 Contributions from the Banin Group 72

3.3.2 Contributions from the Other Research Groups 81

3.3.3 Nanocomposites Consisting of Chalcogenide Semiconductors and Gold by Self-assembly 88

3.3.4 Case Studies Associated with Nanocomposites Consisting of Chalcogenide Semiconductors and Gold 91

3.3.4.1 PbTeAu 91

3.3.4.2 Cu2SAu 93

3.3.4.3 Bi2S3Au 94

3.3.4.4 SnSAu 94

3.3.4.5 ZnSeAu 96

3.3.4.6 Cu2ZnSnS4Au (CZTSAu) 97

3.3.4.7 Mapping of Photogenerated Electron and Hole Separation in Single SemiconductorMetal Nanocomposites 100

3.4 Growth of Chalcogenide Semiconductors on Gold Nanoparticles 102

3.5 Semiconducting Metal SulfideGold Nanocomposites upon Ethanol-Mediated Phase Transfer 110

3.5.1 Ag2SAu 111

3.5.1.1 Formation of Monodisperse Ag2S Nanocrystals in Toluene at Room Temperature 111

3.5.1.2 Structural Evolutions of Ag2S Nanocrystals 112

3.5.1.3 Growth Mechanism of Ag2S Nanocrystals 113

3.5.1.4 Influence of Temperature and Ag/S Molar Ratios on the Growth of Ag2S Nanocrystals 115

3.5.1.5 Synthesis of Dimeric Ag2SAu Nanocomposites 116

3.5.2 HgSAu 119

3.5.3 Semiconducting Metal SulfideGold Nanocomposites 121

3.5.3.1 CdSAu 122

3.5.3.2 Metal SulfideAu 125

3.5.3.3 PbSAg/Au Nanocomposites 127

3.6 SemiconductorGold Nanocomposites by a Two-phase Strategy 132

3.7 Special Gold-Related Nanocomposites 132

3.8 SemiconductorGold Nanocomposites for Efficient Three-component Coupling of Aldehyde, Amine, and Alkyne in Water 135

3.9 Summary 137

References 138

4 Nanocomposites Consisting of Chalcogenide Semiconductors and Other Noble Metals 149

4.1 Introduction 149

4.2 SemiconductorSilver Nanocomposites 150

4.3 SemiconductorPlatinum Nanocomposites 158

4.4 Nanocomposites Consisting of Semiconductors and Other Noble Metals 171

4.5 SemiconductorDual Metal Nanocomposites 176

4.6 Summary 186

References 186

5 Nanocomposites Consisting of Silver Sulfide and Noble Metals 193

5.1 Introduction 193

5.2 Aqueous Synthesis of Ag2S Nanocrystals 194

5.3 Binary Ag2SNoble Metal Nanocomposites 196 5.4 Multiple Ag...