Formulas and Calculations for Drilling Operations

Newly revised, this is still the "must have" guide for any drilling, production, or petroleum engineer, with thousands of handy formulas and calculations that the engineer needs on a daily basis.

Presented in an easy-to-use format, this second edition of Formulas and Calculations for Drilling Operations is a quick reference for day-to-day work out on the rig. It also serves as a handy study guide for drilling and well control certification courses. Virtually all the mathematics required on a drilling rig is here in one convenient source, including formulas for pressure gradient, specific gravity, pump, output, annular velocity, buoyancy factor, and many other topics.

Whether open on your desk, on the hood of your truck at the well, or on an offshore platform, this is the only book available that covers the gamut of the formulas and calculations for petroleum engineers that have been compiled over decades. Some of these formulas and calculations have been used for decades, while others are meant to help guide the engineer through some of the more recent breakthroughs in the industry's technology, such as hydraulic fracturing and enhanced oil recovery.

There is no other source for these useful formulas and calculations that is this thorough. An instant classic when the first edition was published, the much-improved revision is even better, offering new information not available in the first edition, making it as up-to-date as possible in book form. Truly a state-of-the-art masterpiece for the oil and gas industry, if there is only one book you buy to help you do your job, this is it!

Autorentext

James G. Speight, PhD, has more than forty-five years of experience in energy, environmental science, and ethics. He is the author of more than sixty-five books in petroleum science, petroleum engineering, biomass and biofuels, and environmental sciences. Although he has always worked in private industry which focused on contract-based work, Dr. Speight has served as Adjunct Professor in the Department of Chemical and Fuels Engineering at the University of Utah and in the Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Petroleum Engineering at the University of Wyoming. In addition, he was a Visiting Professor in the College of Science, University of Mosul, Iraq and has also been a Visiting Professor in Chemical Engineering at the University of Missouri-Columbia, the Technical University of Denmark, and the University of Trinidad and Tobago.

Inhalt
Preface xiii

1 Standard Formulas and Calculations 1

1.01 Abrasion Index 1

1.02 Acid Number 3

1.03 Acidity and Alkalinity 3

1.04 Annular Velocity 4

1.05 Antoine Equation 5

1.06 API Gravity - Kilograms per Liter/Pounds per Gallon 5

1.07 Barrel - Conversion to other Units. 15

1.08 Bernoulli's Principle 15

1.09 Brine 16

1.10 Bubble Point and Bubble Point Pressure 16

1.11 Buoyancy, Buoyed Weight, and Buoyancy Factor 18

1.12 Capacity 19

1.12.1 Hole (Pipe, Tubing) Capacity (in barrels per one linear foot, bbl/ft) 20

1.12.2 Annular Capacity 20

1.12.3 Annular Volume

1.13 Capillary Number 21

1.14 Capillary Pressure 21

1.15 Cementation Value 22

1.16 Composite Materials 23

1.17 Compressibility 23

1.18 Darcy's Law 25

1.19 Dew Point Temperature and Pressure 26

1.20 Displacement 27

1.21 Effective Weight 28

1.22 Flow Through Permeable Media 29

1.22.1 Productivity Index 29

1.22.2 Steady-State Flow 29

1.22.3 Linear Flow 39

1.22.4 Spherical Flow 39

1.23 Flow Through Porous Media 39

1.24 Flow Velocity 40

1.25 Fluid Saturation 41

1.26 Formation Volume Factor - Gas 41

1.27 Formation Volume Factor - Oil 42

1.28 Friction 42

1.28.1 Coefficient of Friction 42

1.28.2 Types of Friction 43

1.28.3 Friction and Rotational Speed 43

1.29 Gas Deviation Factor 43

1.30 Gas Solubility 44

1.31 Gas-Oil Ratio 44

1.32 Geothermal Gradient 45

1.33 Hole Capacity 45

1.34 Horsepower 50

1.35 Hydrostatic Pressure 51

1.36 Isothermal Compressibility of Oil 51

1.37 Marx-Langenheim Model 52

1.38 Material Balance 53

1.39 Modulus of Elasticity 55

1.40 Oil and Gas Originally in Place 55

1.41 Oil Recovery Factor 56

1.42 Permeability 57

1.43 Poisson's Ratio 57

1.44 Porosity 59

1.45 Pressure Differentials 61

1.46 Productivity Index 62

1.47 PVT Properties 62

1.47.1 Specific Gravity and Molecular Weight 62

1.47.2 Isothermal Compressibility 62

1.47.3 Undersaturated Oil Formation Volume Factor 63

1.47.4 Oil Density 63

1.47.5 Dead Oil Viscosity 63

1.47.6 Undersaturated Oil Viscosity 63

1.47.7 Gas/Oil Interfacial Tension 63

1.47.8 Water/Oil Interfacial Tension 63

1.48 Reserves Estimation 65

1.49 Reservoir Pressure 65

1.50 Resource Estimation 67

1.51 Reynold's Number 67

1.52 Saturated Steam 67

1.53 Standard Oilfield Measurements 68

1.54 Twist 69

1.55 Ultimate Tensile Strength 70

1.56 Volume Flow Rate 70

1.57 Volumetric Factors 71

1.58 Yield Point 72

2 RIG Equipment 73

2.01 API Casing Grades 73

2.02 Block Efficiency Factor 74

2.03 Blocks and Drilling Line 74

2.04 Crown Block Capacity 75

2.05 Derrick Load 76

2.06 Energy Transfer 77

2.07 Engine Efficiency 78

2.08 Line Pull Efficiency Factor 79

2.09 Mud Pump 79

2.09.1 Volume of Fluid Displaced 80

2.09.2 Volumetric Efficiency 80

2.09.3 Pump Factor 81

2.10 Offshore Vessels 81

2.10.1 Terminology 82

2.10.2 Environmental Forces 83

2.10.3 Riser Angle 83

2.11 Rotary Power 85

2.12 Ton-Miles Calculations 85

2.12.1 Round-Trip Ton Miles Calculations 86

2.12.2 Drilling Ton-Miles Calculations 86

2.12.3 Coring Ton-Miles Calculations 86

2.12.4 Casing Ton-Miles Calculations 86 **3 Well Path Design 89&lt...