Advanced Sensor and Detection Materials

Presents a comprehensive and interdisciplinary review of the major
cutting-edge technology research areas--especially those on
new materials and methods as well as advanced structures and
properties--for various sensor and detection devices

The development of sensors and detectors at macroscopic or
nanometric scale is the driving force stimulating research in
sensing materials and technology for accurate detection in solid,
liquid, or gas phases; contact or non-contact configurations; or
multiple sensing. The emphasis on reduced-scale detection
techniques requires the use of new materials and methods. These
techniques offer appealing perspectives given by spin crossover
organic, inorganic, and composite materials that could be unique
for sensor fabrication. The influence of the length, composition,
and conformation structure of materials on their properties, and
the possibility of adjusting sensing properties by doping or adding
the side-groups, are indicative of the starting point of
multifarious sensing. The role of intermolecular interactions,
polymer and ordered phase formation, as well as behavior under
pressure and magnetic and electric fields are also important facts
for processing ultra-sensing materials.

The 15 chapters written by senior researchers in Advanced
Sensor and Detection Materials cover all these subjects and key
features under three foci: 1) principals and perspectives, 2) new
materials and methods, and 3) advanced structures and properties
for various sensor devices.

Autorentext

Ashutosh Tiwari is an Associate Professor at the
Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Linköping University,
Sweden; Editor-in-Chief, Advanced Materials Letters and
Advanced Materials Reviews; Secretary General, International
Association of Advanced Materials; a materials chemist and also a
docent in applied physics at Linköping University, Sweden. He
has published more than 350 articles, patents, and conference
proceedings in the field of materials science and technology and
has edited/authored about twenty books on the advanced
state-of-the-art of materials science. He is a founding member of
the Advanced Materials World Congress and the Indian Materials
Congress.

Mustafa M. Demir received his PhD degree from
Sabanci University, Turkey, in 2004. From 2004 to 2007 he was
a postdoctoral fellow at the Max Planck Institute of Polymer
Research, Mainz, Germany. He then moved to Izmir Institute of
Technology, Turkey, where he is now Chairman of the Department of
Materials Science and Engineering.

Zusammenfassung

Presents a comprehensive and interdisciplinary review of the major cutting-edge technology research areasespecially those on new materials and methods as well as advanced structures and propertiesfor various sensor and detection devices

The development of sensors and detectors at macroscopic or nanometric scale is the driving force stimulating research in sensing materials and technology for accurate detection in solid, liquid, or gas phases; contact or non-contact configurations; or multiple sensing. The emphasis on reduced-scale detection techniques requires the use of new materials and methods. These techniques offer appealing perspectives given by spin crossover organic, inorganic, and composite materials that could be unique for sensor fabrication. The influence of the length, composition, and conformation structure of materials on their properties, and the possibility of adjusting sensing properties by doping or adding the side-groups, are indicative of the starting point of multifarious sensing. The role of intermolecular interactions, polymer and ordered phase formation, as well as behavior under pressure and magnetic and electric fields are also important facts for processing ultra-sensing materials.

The 15 chapters written by senior researchers in Advanced Sensor and Detection Materials cover all these subjects and key features under three foci: 1) principals and perspectives, 2) new materials and methods, and 3) advanced structures and properties for various sensor devices.

Inhalt
Preface xv

**Part 1: Principals and Prospective 1

1 Advances in Sensors? Nanotechnology 3
*Ida Tiwari and Manorama Singh

• 1.1 Introduction 3

  1.2 What is Nanotechnology? 4

  1.3 Significance of Nanotechnology 5

  1.4 Synthesis of Nanostructure 5

  1.5 Advancements in Sensors' Research Based on Nanotechnology 5

  1.6 Use of Nanoparticles 7

  1.7 Use of Nanowires and Nanotubes 8

  1.8 Use of Porous Silicon 11

  1.9 Use of Self-Assembled Nanostructures 12

  1.10 Receptor-Ligand Nanoarrays 12

  1.11 Characterization of Nanostructures and Nanomaterials 13

  1.12 Commercialization Efforts 14

  1.13 Future Perspectives 14

  References 15

  **2 Construction of Nanostructures: A Basic Concept Synthesis and Their Applications 19
  *Rizwan Wahab, Farheen Khan, Nagendra K. Kaushik, Javed Musarrat and Abdulaziz A.Al-Khedhairy

• 2.1 Introduction 20

  2.2 Formation of Zinc Oxide Quantum Dots (ZnO-QDs) and Their Applications 24

  2.3 Needle-Shaped Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and Their Growth Mechanism 30

  2.4 Flower-Shaped Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and Their Growth Mechanism 37

  2.5 Construction of Mixed Shaped Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and Their Growth Mechanicsm 47

  2.6 Summary and Future Directions 56

  References 57

  **3 The Role of the Shape in the Design of New Nanoparticles 61
  *G. Mayeli Estrada-Villegas and Emilio Bucio

• 3.1 Introduction 62

  3.2 The Importance of Shape as Nanocarries 63

  3.3 Influence of Shape on Biological Process 65

  3.4 Different Shapes of Polymeric Nanoparticles 67

  3.5 Different Shapes of Non-Polymeric Nanoparticles 71

  3.6 Different Shapes of Polymeric Nanoparticles: Examples 74

  3.7 Another Type of Nanoparticles 76

  Acknowledgments 80

  References 80

  **4 Molecularly Imprinted Polymer as Advanced Material for Development of Enantioselective Sensing Devices 87
  *Mahavir Prasad Tiwari and Bhim Bali Prasad

• 4.1 Introduction 88

  4.2 Molecularly Imprinted Chiral Polymers 90

  4.3 MIP-Based Chiral Sensing Devices 91

  4.4 Conclusion 105

  References 105

  **5 Role of Microwave Sintering in the Preparation of Ferrites for High Frequency Applications 111
  *S. Bharadwaj and S.R. Murthy

• 5.1 Microwaves in General 112

  5.2 Microwave-Material Interactions 114

  5.3 Microwave Sintering 115

  5.4 Microwave Equipment 118

  5.5 Kitchen Microwave Oven Basic Principle 122

  5.6 Microwave Sintering of Ferrites 126

  5.7 Microwave Sintering of Garnets 137

  5.8 Microwave Sintering of Nanocomposites 138

  References 140

  **Part 2: New Materials and Methods 147

6 Mesoporous Silica: Making Sense of Sensors 149
*Surender Duhan and Vijay K. Tomer

• 6.1 Introduction to Sensors 150

  6.2 Fundamentals of Humidity Sensors 153

  6.3 Types of Humidity Sensors 154

  6.4 Humidity Sensing Materials 156

  6.5 Issues with Traditional Materials in Sensing Technology 158

  6.6 Introduction to Mesoporous Silica 159

  6.7 M41S Materials 160

  6.8 SBA Materials 162

  6.9 Structure of SBA-15 164

  6.10 Structure Directing Agents of SBA-15 165

  6.11 Factors Affecting Structural Properties and Morphology of SBA-15 169

  6.12 Modification of Mesoporous Silica 174

  6.13 Characterization Techniques for Mesoporous Materials...